YubiKey 5 vs YubiKey 5 FIPS: Exploring the Differences

When considering the YubiKey 5 Series, it’s crucial to understand the key differences between the standard YubiKey 5 and the YubiKey 5 FIPS, particularly in the context of their target audiences and security certifications.In short, the main difference between YubiKey 5 and its FIPS-supporting counterparts is the support for Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS). Compatibility with FIPS enables users to use their Yubikey at federal departments and agencies and other environments where robust security is paramount.In this article, we will discuss the main differences between the two models and explain which model is best for your particular needs.Before we start with a more detailed examination of the differences between the two YubiKey models, let’s quickly summarize their main characteristics and specifications.*Depending on the model. **Not all models support USB-A, USB-C, and NFC connectivity. Check the following sections to learn more.YubiKeys can be used with both PCs and mobile devices like smartphones and tablets. Image source: Yubico.comThe YubiKey 5 series is a diverse range of multi-protocol security keys designed to enhance online account security. These keys require both the account login credentials (username and password) and the physical YubiKey for access, providing an additional layer of security against virtual account takeovers. This can be very useful when accessing important data online and can be a great way to secure your crypto and other important information.The YubiKey 5 Series supports a variety of connections, including USB-A, USB-C, Lightning, and NFC, and offers multiple form factors to cater to different usage preferences, such as keychain-friendly designs or nano-sized keys for constant connection to a device.Buy a YubiKey 5 on AmazonThe YubiKey 5 FIPS series targets a more specialized audience. It is designed primarily for organizations that need to comply with stringent security standards, such as U.S. government agencies, contractors, and entities in regulated sectors like healthcare and finance. The ‘FIPS’ in its name refers to the Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) 140-2 certification. This certification assures that the device meets high standards for cryptographic security, making it suitable for environments with rigorous compliance requirements.What is FIPS?

FIPS, or Federal Information Processing Standards, are a set of standards and guidelines for federal computer systems developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). These standards are created in response to federal government requirements for cybersecurity, ensuring the security and integrity of systems that handle sensitive, though unclassified, information for federal agencies and departments.The YubiKey 5 FIPS Series hardware is certified under both FIPS 140-2 Level 1 and Level 2, with the highest authenticator assurance level (AAL3) of NIST SP800-63B guidance. This implies a more stringent security protocol, particularly for Level 2 usage. The YubiKey 5 FIPS Series also boasts unique configurations set during programming, like enforced power-up self-tests and specific minimum PIN lengths for FIDO2, distinguishing it from its standard counterpart.Buy a YubiKey 5 FIPS on AmazonBoth series offer a range of form factors, including options for USB-A, USB-C, NFC, and Lightning connections. This makes them adaptable for various devices and user preferences. The YubiKey 5 NFC FIPS, for example, is FIPS 140-2 certified and based on the YubiKey 5 NFC, providing both USB 2.0 and NFC interfaces.Both YubiKey 5 and YubiKey 5 FIPS come in 6 different form factors. Image source: Yubico.comIn terms of functionality, both series are versatile. They support protocols such as Yubico OTP, OATH OTP, OpenPGP, PIV-compatible smart card, FIDO Universal 2nd Factor (U2F), and FIDO2 WebAuthn. However, the YubiKey 5 FIPS Series includes specific FIPS-related features and configurations, like unique Attestation certificates for FIDO and PIV that include a FIPS OID. The plethora of supported authentication protocols means that Yubikey 5 is compatible with a number of existing security solutions, such as:For a complete list of supported services (which are dubbed as “Works with YubiKey,” please refer to the official website.While both the YubiKey 5 and YubiKey 5 FIPS series offer robust security features, the choice between them largely depends on the specific security requirements and compliance standards of the user or organization. The YubiKey 5 Series is suitable for a broad audience seeking enhanced account security, whereas the YubiKey 5 FIPS Series is tailored for entities needing to adhere to stringent regulatory standards such as FIPS 140-2, which is primarily used in federal departments and agencies.If you are still undecided on the best security device for your needs, you might want to consider checking out our comparison between Google Titan and YubiKey.